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Chronic condition

Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD)

Fatty liver disease means fat has built up in your liver cells, and Australian guidance now calls it MAFLD. Diet, activity and weight change are the core treatment, and we do that work with your GP.

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Understanding the condition

Fatty liver disease means fat has built up in liver cells, where a healthy liver holds very little.1 Australian guidance calls it metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease, or MAFLD, naming the metabolic problem behind it.1,3 Metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease, or MASLD, is used for the same idea internationally, and the older name was non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.1,2 When inflammation and liver injury are present, the term is metabolic dysfunction associated steatohepatitis, previously called non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.2 About one in three Australian adults is affected.1

The links are metabolic. Carrying extra weight, particularly around the abdomen, type 2 diabetes or insulin resistance, and raised cholesterol or triglycerides are the common drivers, and drinking too much alcohol is the other main cause.1 Polycystic ovary syndrome, an underactive thyroid and some medicines are less common causes.1 Australian guidance asks GPs to assess adults with obesity, type 2 diabetes, or two or more metabolic risk factors, to check for other causes of liver fat, and to work out fibrosis risk before deciding on referral.3

What changes the course is diet, activity and weight. Australian guidance puts lifestyle change at the centre, with a structured exercise program where possible and sustained weight loss as the target.2 Medicines add to that rather than replace it: the Therapeutic Goods Administration gave semaglutide 2.4 mg provisional approval in 2026 for steatohepatitis without cirrhosis.2 Whether any medicine suits you is your GP's decision. Alcohol is assessed in everyone with fatty liver, the limit for healthy adults is no more than ten standard drinks a week and no more than four on any one day, and people with cirrhosis are advised not to drink at all.3

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Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD)

What to look out for, and how we help

Symptoms are a guide, not a diagnosis. Your GP confirms the diagnosis; our team helps you manage it day to day.

What you might notice

  • Often nothing at all, which is why it is usually found on a routine blood test or a scan
  • Tiredness or a general feeling of being unwell
  • Discomfort or pain in the upper right side of your abdomen
  • Weight loss you did not plan
  • Itchy skin
  • Red flag: vomiting blood, vomit that looks like coffee grounds, or black tarry stools need a hospital emergency department or 000 straight away, and so does any bleeding with light-headedness or weakness, because in liver disease bleeding can come from veins in the food pipe.4 Yellowing of the skin or eyes, bruising, dark urine, a swollen tummy or itchy skin point to more serious liver disease and need a same day GP appointment.1

How our team helps

  • Accredited Practising Dietitian consultations built around what you actually eat, aimed at the sustained weight change that shifts liver fat
  • ESSA accredited exercise physiology, one to one or in groups, with a structured program tailored to you
  • Credentialled Diabetes Educator consultations when type 2 diabetes sits alongside it, working within your prescriber's plan
  • Pharmacist medication support, including a look at medicines that affect the liver and a plain explanation of what your GP has prescribed
  • Health and nutrition checks, with results written back to your GP so fibrosis assessment and referral decisions stay with them
  • Telehealth across all disciplines, and NDIS, DVA and WorkCover WA funding where it applies

Your PDC care team

The teams and services that most often support people with this condition. They work from one shared plan, and one GP referral reaches all of them.

Allied health teams

Dietitian
Dietitian
Allied health team
Dietitian
Personalised nutrition advice from Accredited Practising Dietitians to help manage blood glucose levels, weight management and overall nutritional health.
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Diabetes Education
Diabetes Education
Allied health team
Diabetes Education
Expert guidance from Credentialled Diabetes Educators for all types of diabetes including Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, and all diabetes technology.
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Exercise Physiology
Exercise Physiology
Allied health team
Exercise Physiology
Safe, effective exercise programs designed by Accredited Exercise Physiologists for chronic condition management.
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Pharmacy
Pharmacy
Allied health team
Pharmacy
On-site pharmacy services providing expert medication management, diabetes supplies, and health consultations.
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Related services

Related conditions

Terms explained

Plain English explanations for this condition are being added.
See all conditions

Sources and clinical review

This page follows Australian guidance: the primary care statement on metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease by Adams and colleagues in the Medical Journal of Australia, the Australian Diabetes Society living guideline for people with diabetes, and healthdirect Australia's fatty liver information.

  1. healthdirect Australia. Fatty liver. 2025. https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/fatty-liver
  2. Australian Diabetes Society. Living Guideline: MAFLD in People with Diabetes. 2026. https://www.diabetessociety.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/ADS-Living-Guideline_MAFLD-in-People-with-Diabetes_May-2026.pdf
  3. Adams LA, Kemp WW, Muller KR, Powell EE, Roberts SK, et al. Assessment of metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease in primary care. Medical Journal of Australia 2025; 223 (5): 268-276. https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2025/223/5/assessment-metabolic-dysfunction-associated-fatty-liver-disease-primary-care
  4. healthdirect Australia. Gastrointestinal bleeding. 2024. https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/gastrointestinal-bleeding
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Common questions

Why has the name changed?
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The older name, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, defined the condition by what it was not. The newer names, MASLD and MAFLD, name the metabolic dysfunction that drives it, and they can include people whose liver is also affected by alcohol. Australian guidance currently uses both newer terms, so you may see either on your results.

Can fatty liver be reversed?
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Lifestyle change can improve it, and your doctor is the person to tell you where your liver sits. Diet, activity and sustained weight loss are the core treatment and the foundation of everything else. Medicines aimed at the liver itself are now emerging, and the Therapeutic Goods Administration gave semaglutide 2.4 mg provisional approval in 2026 for steatohepatitis without cirrhosis, but whether any medicine suits you is a decision for your GP or specialist. Weight regain works against it, which is why we focus on changes you can hold.

How much alcohol is safe if I have fatty liver?
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Alcohol intake is assessed in everyone with fatty liver, and even moderate drinking may add to fibrosis risk when metabolic dysfunction is present. Australian limits for healthy adults are no more than ten standard drinks a week and no more than four on any one day. People with cirrhosis are advised not to drink at all, and your GP will tell you what applies to you.

I have type 2 diabetes. Should I be checked?
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Australian guidance says adults with type 2 diabetes should be assessed for fatty liver and for fibrosis risk. Your GP orders the tests, works out your fibrosis score and decides whether you need a liver specialist. Ask them at your next diabetes review.

Do I need a referral to see you?
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No. You can book a dietitian, exercise physiologist, diabetes educator or pharmacist appointment with us directly. Your GP can tell you whether any Medicare funded allied health visits apply to you, which does need a referral from them. We write back to your GP so your liver results and your care stay joined up.

Not sure where to start?

Tell us what is going on and we will point you to the right discipline, or to more than one. Most people start with a single appointment and leave with a plan the rest of the team can see.

Or go straight to a service

Phone (08) 6110 0570 · Medicare, NDIS, DVA and private options across our services

For GPs and health professionals

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