Closed loop describes an insulin system in which a CGM, an insulin pump and software work together so that glucose readings automatically decide how much insulin is given, without a person setting each dose.
The loop is closed because the readings feed back into the dosing, the way a healthy pancreas responds to glucose. A fully closed loop would need no input at meals. The systems available in Australia are hybrid closed loop, which still need you to enter or confirm meals. Fully closed loop systems, including some that add a second hormone such as glucagon, are being studied in research trials.
In everyday conversation, closed loop, hybrid closed loop and automated insulin delivery are often used to mean the same thing.
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